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Research Ethics in Kinesiology Study Guide

This guide provides an overview of quantitative research designs, explaining their characteristics, applications, and the types of conclusions that can be drawn from each. It covers true experimental, quasi-experimental, pre-experimental, and non-experimental designs, along with essential concepts like variables, validity, and randomization. This resource is designed to help learners understand how to interpret and conduct research effectively.

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Foundations of Research Methods in Kinesiology

Introduction to Research Methods in Kinesiology

An overview of the research process, science, and research designs used to discover knowledge, expand the body of knowledge, and produce verifiable facts in kinesiology.

  • science
  • research
  • quantitative research designs
  • qualitative research designs
  • mixed methods research designs
  • peer review
  • empirical research
  • research process
  • philosophical worldviews

Quantitative, Qualitative, and Mixed Methods Research

This topic explores research approaches including quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods, alongside the philosophical worldviews of ontology, epistemology, postpositivism, constructivism, pragmatism, transformative, and two-eyed seeing.

  • Quantitative research
  • Qualitative research
  • Mixed methods research
  • Ontology
  • Epistemology
  • Postpositivism
  • Constructivism
  • Pragmatism
  • Transformative worldview
  • Two-eyed seeing
  • Research design components
  • Numerical data
  • Non-numerical data

Research Design and Philosophical Worldviews

This content explores components of a research design, including the relationship between ontology, epistemology, and philosophical worldviews.

  • Research design components
  • Ontology
  • Epistemology
  • Postpositivism
  • Constructivism
  • Pragmatism
  • Transformative worldview
  • Two-eyed seeing
  • Quantitative approach
  • Qualitative approach
  • Mixed methods approaches
  • Indigenous knowledge systems
  • Western ways of knowing

Steps in the Research Process

The research process involves identifying a research topic, asking a research question, conducting a literature review, and refining the research question.

  • Identify the research topic
  • Ask a Research Question
  • Conduct a Literature Review
  • Refine the Research Question
  • Research Problem
  • Knowledge Mobilization
  • Conceptualizing the Study
  • Designing the Study
  • Conducting the Study
  • Hypothesis

Understanding Theory and Scientific Reasoning

This content explains how theory serves as an explanation of observed patterns and distinguishes between inductive and deductive reasoning within the scientific approach.

  • Theory
  • Hypothesis
  • Inductive reasoning
  • Deductive reasoning
  • Quantitative approaches
  • Qualitative approaches
  • Verifiable statements
  • Scientific approach

Conducting Literature Searches and Reviews

A literature review is the process of assembling literature appropriate to a topic to identify gaps and provide a context for research.

  • Literature review
  • Annotated bibliography
  • Narrative review
  • Scoping review
  • Systematic review
  • Meta-analysis
  • PRISMA
  • Theoretical or conceptual framework
  • Synthesising

Sources and Tools for Literature Reviews

This topic covers sources of information, search tools for literature reviews, and research tips for reading academic publications.

  • Sources of Information
  • Literature Review Search Tools
  • Academic Databases
  • Scholarly Journals
  • Search Engines
  • Dissertations and Theses
  • Research Reading Tips

Writing Literature Reviews and Research Statements

This content covers writing the literature review, citing the literature, and developing research questions, hypotheses, and purpose statements for quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods studies.

  • Literature review
  • Citation rules
  • Research question
  • Hypothesis
  • Null hypothesis
  • Independent variable
  • Dependent variable
  • Moderator variable
  • Control variable
  • Mediator variable
  • Extraneous variable
  • Central phenomenon
  • Quantitative research purpose statement
  • Qualitative research purpose statement
  • Mixed methods research purpose statement
  • Concurrent mixed methods research design
  • Sequential mixed methods research design

Promoting Physical Activity in Children and Teenagers

Research explores how neighborhood physical activity resource availability and community support influence physical activity levels among ethnic minority children and teenagers.

  • physical activity resource availability
  • ethnic minority children
  • outdoor unscheduled physical activity
  • scheduled physical activity
  • sedentary behaviour
  • neighborhood physical activity resources
  • pediatric obesity research
  • community support

KINE 2049 Research Methods in Kinesiology

An overview of research methods in Kinesiology and Health Science covering the scientific process, research designs, and data management.

  • Scientific method/process
  • Health science literature
  • Research designs
  • Qualitative research
  • Quantitative research
  • Mixed methods research
  • Participatory action research
  • Research ethics
  • Sampling
  • Measurement tools
  • Knowledge mobilization
  • Excel data collection
  • Biomechanics
  • Neural control of gait and balance
  • Coronary microvascular epidemiology

Ethical Principles and Conduct in Research

Research Ethics in Kinesiology Research

Discussing ethical standards, core ethical principles, and processes to ensure research and scientific integrity.

  • Research and scientific integrity
  • Tri-Agency Research Integrity Policy
  • Research misconduct
  • Falsification
  • Fabrication
  • Plagiarism
  • Ethical decision-making process
  • Ethical dilemma
  • Three Rs of animal research ethics
  • Conflicts of interest
  • Indigenous peoples research considerations

Ethical Conduct in Human Research

Historical examples of unethical biomedical experiments and research practices inform principles for ethical research and guidelines such as the Tri-Council Policy Statement.

  • Informed consent
  • Unethical biomedical experiments
  • Tuskegee Study
  • Deception
  • Coercion
  • Tri-Council Policy Statement: Ethical Conduct for Research Involving Humans (TCPS 2)
  • Sexual Sterilization Act of Alberta

Research Ethics Principles and Procedures

This content outlines ethical principles, institutional review board processes, and regulations for research involving human participants, animals, and biological agents.

  • TCPS 2 core principles
  • Respect for Persons
  • Concern for Welfare
  • Justice
  • Informed Consent
  • Institutional Review Board (IRB)
  • Exempt review
  • Expedited review
  • Full review
  • Vulnerable populations
  • Animal Research Ethics
  • Canadian Council on Animal Care (CCAC)
  • Replacement
  • Reduction
  • Refinement
  • Human Participants Review Committee (HPRC)
  • Animal Care Committee (ACC)
  • Biological Safety Committee (BSC)

Privacy, Confidentiality, and PHIPA in Research

This topic explores privacy, confidentiality, and the Personal Health Information Privacy Act (PHIPA) regarding the protection of personal health information.

  • Privacy
  • Confidentiality
  • Dimensions of Privacy
  • Sensitivity of information
  • Anonymity
  • Personal Health Information Privacy Act (PHIPA)
  • Health information custodian
  • Researcher as agent

Indigenous Research Ethics and Guiding Principles

This content discusses research ethics involving Indigenous Peoples, historical injustices in residential schools, and guiding principles for community engagement and culturally sensitive care.

  • Indigenous Research Ethics
  • Truth and Reconciliation Commission
  • Residential schools
  • Community engagement
  • Decolonizing Methodologies
  • Culturally sensitive care
  • Healthcare equity
  • Intergenerational violence
  • Indigenous Ways of Knowing
  • Intellectual property
  • Data interpretation
  • Research involving biological materials

Quantitative Research Methods and Experimental Design

Quantitative and Qualitative Research Methods

This content explores quantitative research involving numerical data and qualitative research involving non-numerical data.

  • Quantitative Research
  • Qualitative Research
  • Numerical data
  • Non-numerical data
  • Variables
  • Sample sizes
  • Data analysis
  • Themes
  • Direct observations
  • Open-ended interviews

Scientific Article Elements and Literature Organization

Key elements of a scientific article and methods for organizing the literature including literature maps and summary charts.

  • Key Elements of a Scientific Article
  • Abstract
  • Background
  • Methods
  • Results
  • Limitations
  • Conclusion
  • Organizing the Literature
  • Literature Map
  • Summary Chart

Quantitative Research Methods in Kinesiology

This topic covers quantitative methods, measurements, and sampling including research designs, assessment methods, and validity.

  • Quantitative research designs
  • Methods of assessment
  • Internal validity
  • External validity
  • Sampling methods
  • Descriptive studies
  • Case control studies
  • Cohort studies
  • Clinical trials
  • Purpose statement
  • Statistical analyses
  • Independent variable

Elements and Types of Experimental Design

Experimental design involves participant selection and assignment, selecting the IV and DV, identifying statistical methods, and planning experimental procedures.

  • Experimental design elements
  • Independent Groups Design
  • Between Groups Design
  • Between Participants Design
  • Repeated Measures Design
  • Within Groups Design
  • Within Participants Design
  • Carry-over effects
  • Pre-post design
  • Hybrid design
  • Pre-Experimental design
  • Quasi-Experimental design
  • Factorial Designs
  • Interactions

Experimental and Non-Experimental Research Designs

This topic covers true experimental design, quasi-experimental research design, pre-experimental research design, and non-experimental research design used to identify cause-and-effect relationships or report correlations among variables.

  • True experimental design
  • Randomized control trial (RCT)
  • Randomization
  • Internal validity
  • External validity
  • Experimental group
  • Control group
  • Independent variable
  • Dependent variable
  • Quasi-experimental research design
  • Pre-experimental research design
  • Feasibility study
  • Pilot study
  • Non-experimental research design
  • Cross-sectional
  • Longitudinal

Measurement and Data Collection in Quantitative Research

Quantitative research involves numerical and quantifiable data collection through observation, measurement, and questioning techniques.

  • Discrete data
  • Continuous data
  • Nominal data
  • Ordinal data
  • Interval data
  • Ratio data
  • Observation techniques
  • Direct observation
  • Indirect observation
  • Participant researcher
  • Physical measures
  • Cognitive measures
  • Affective measures
  • Questionnaire
  • Checklist
  • Structured interview
  • Unstructured interview
  • Delphi Technique

Quantitative Study Designs and Validity

Quantitative study designs involve measurement and data collection concepts including internal and external validity, reliability, and threats to experimental validity.

  • Internal validity
  • External validity
  • Face validity
  • Content validity
  • Construct validity
  • Concurrent validity
  • Predictive validity
  • Threats to internal validity
  • Local history
  • Pre-testing
  • Maturation
  • Instrumentation
  • Differential participant selection
  • Statistical regression
  • Mortality
  • Rating effect
  • Extraneous variables
  • Population validity
  • Ecological validity

Sampling Strategies for Quantitative Studies

This content covers probability sampling and non-probability sampling methods used in quantitative studies.

  • Probability sampling
  • Random selection
  • Stratified random sampling
  • Systematic sampling
  • Non-probability sampling
  • Convenience sampling
  • Purposive sampling
  • Snowball sampling
  • Quota sampling
  • Expert sampling

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