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PNS Pharmacology: Cholinergic and Adrenergic Receptor Subtypes Study Guide

Pediatric Growth and Development Assessment Guide

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Urinary, Reproductive, and Labor Management

Urinary, Reproductive, and Labor Pharmacology Blueprint

Exam blueprint covering urinary retention, incontinence, male BPH, erectile dysfunction, HRT, fertility, menstruation, contraception, and labor and delivery.

  • Urinary Retention & Incontinence
  • Solfenacin
  • Tolteridine
  • Trospium
  • Male BPH
  • Finasteride
  • Terazosin
  • Sildosin
  • PSA and 5-alpha reductase inhibitors
  • ED
  • Sildanfil
  • Silodosin
  • HRT, Fertility and Androgens
  • Testosterone
  • Menstruation and Contraception
  • COC
  • Estrogen and progestin
  • L&D
  • Labor induction

PNS Pharmacology: Cholinergic and Adrenergic Receptors

Pharmacology of Urinary Retention and Incontinence

Pharmacokinetics, metabolism, and adverse effects of medications including darifenacin, oxybutynin, solifenacin, tolterodine, fesoterodine, trospium, mirabegron, and bethanechol.

  • Darifenacin M3 selectivity
  • CYP-3A4 metabolism
  • Oxybutynin administration and anticholinergic adverse effects
  • Solifenacin renal impairment precautions
  • Tolterodine and fesoterodine metabolism
  • Trospium quaternary ammonium compound properties
  • Mirabegron selective beta 3 agonist mechanism
  • Anticholinergic toxicity symptoms

Understanding Urinary Incontinence and Management

Physiology and Management of Urinary Incontinence

This document details the process of urination, various types of urinary incontinence, risk factors, complications, diagnostic testing, and treatment options.

  • Process of urination
  • Enuresis
  • Transient incontinence
  • Urge incontinence
  • Stress incontinence
  • Overflow incontinence
  • Reflex incontinence
  • Functional incontinence
  • Gross total incontinence
  • Risk factors
  • Complications
  • Diagnostic testing
  • Bladder training
  • Pharmacological treatments

BPH Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Management

BPH and Urinary Retention Pathophysiology

This material covers benign prostatic hyperplasia, prostate anatomy, mechanical and dynamic obstruction, and clinical presentation of urinary retention.

  • Benign prostatic hyperplasia
  • Urinary retention
  • Prostate anatomy
  • Mechanical obstruction
  • Dynamic obstruction
  • Clinical presentation
  • Diagnostic procedures

Management and Pharmacotherapy of BPH

Approaches to management of BPH include 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors, alpha-1 adrenergic antagonists, and muscarinic antagonists.

  • Benign prostatic hyperplasia management
  • 5-Alpha-reductase inhibitors
  • Alpha-1 adrenergic antagonists
  • Mechanical obstruction
  • Dynamic obstruction
  • Finasteride
  • Terazosin
  • Doxazosin
  • Silodosin
  • Tamsulosin
  • Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) monitoring
  • Floppy-iris syndrome
  • Drug interactions

Erectile Dysfunction and Priapism Pathophysiology and Management

Pathophysiology and Management of Erectile Dysfunction

This content covers the erectile process, pathological causes of impotence, and management strategies including pharmacotherapy with PDE5 inhibitors.

  • Erectile process
  • Parasympathetic signaling
  • Nitric oxide
  • cGMP
  • PDE5 inhibitors
  • Pathophysiology of erectile dysfunction
  • Psychological causes
  • Drug-induced erectile dysfunction
  • Management of erectile dysfunction
  • Sildenafil kinetics
  • Pharmacotherapy interactions
  • Adverse drug effects

Pathophysiology and Management of Priapism

Pathophysiology of priapism involving painful erections, underlying causes such as sickle cell anemia and PDE5 inhibitors, and management through diagnosis and treatment.

  • Pathophysiology of priapism
  • Ischemic priapism
  • Non-ischemic priapism
  • Sickle cell anemia
  • PDE5 inhibitors
  • Sildenafil
  • Alpha-adrenergic sympathomimetic agents
  • Surgical placement of a shunt
  • Penile ultrasound

Androgens: Physiology, Clinical Applications, and Preparations

Clinical Application of Androgens

Clinical application of androgens including testosterone and 17-alpha-alkylated compounds for hypogonadism, replacement therapy, and catabolic states.

  • Testosterone and testosterone esters
  • 17-Alpha-alkylated androgens
  • Hypogonadism replacement therapy
  • Androgen adverse drug reactions
  • Virilization
  • Premature epiphyseal closure
  • Hepatotoxicity
  • Dyslipidemia
  • Testosterone preparations
  • Transdermal testosterone gel application
  • Intramuscular testosterone esters
  • Implantable subcutaneous testosterone pellets
  • Testosterone buccal tablets
  • Androgen abuse and athletic performance

Menstrual Disorders and Contraception

Menstrual Disorders and Contraception

Information regarding normal menstruation, amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, abnormal bleeding patterns, and premenstrual syndrome or premenstrual dysphoric syndrome.

  • Normal menstruation
  • Dysmenorrhea
  • Menorrhagia
  • Metrorrhagia
  • Polymenorrhea
  • Oligomenorrhea
  • Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS)
  • Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD)
  • Prostaglandins
  • Uterine ischemia
  • Hormone imbalances

Agents Affecting Uterine Function in Labor

Agents Used in Labor and Delivery

Drugs that affect uterine function include tocolytics for uterine relaxation and oxytocics for uterine contraction.

  • Tocolytics
  • Terbutaline
  • Hydroxyprogesterone caproate
  • Indomethacin
  • Magnesium sulfate
  • Oxytocics
  • Oxytocin
  • Dinoprostone
  • Misoprostol
  • Ergonovine
  • Methylergonovine
  • Induction of labor indications
  • Postpartum hemorrhage management
  • Cervical ripening

Pharmacotherapy for Contraception and Menstruation Control

Pharmacotherapy for Contraception and Menstruation Control

Pharmacologic methods and nonpharmacologic methods for birth control including combined oral contraceptives, progestin-only contraceptives, and management of side effects.

  • Combined oral contraceptives
  • Mechanism of action of estrogen and progestin
  • Progestin generations and androgenic effects
  • Monophasic, biphasic, triphasic, and quadriphasic regimes
  • Missed dosing protocols for oral contraceptives
  • Extended-cycle and continuous schedules
  • Risks of thrombosis and hypertension
  • Drug interactions with CYP-450 inducers
  • Progestin-only contraceptives mechanism of action
  • Side effects of estrogen and progestin excess or deficiency

Management of ED and Oral Contraceptives

Nursing Management of ED and BPH

Nursing considerations for patients using sildenafil, avanafil, tadalafil, vardenafil, doxazosin, finasteride, silodosin, and terazosin for erectile dysfunction and benign prostatic hyperplasia.

  • Nitroglycerin contraindications
  • Benign prostatic hyperplasia medications
  • Erectile dysfunction pharmacology
  • Terazosin side effects
  • Priapism risks

Androgen Therapy for Testicular Failure and Puberty

Androgen Therapy Patient Education

Patient education regarding androgen therapy for testicular failure and delayed puberty.

  • androgen therapy
  • testicular failure
  • puberty
  • AndroGel testosterone gel
  • prostate cancer
  • libido
  • growth plate closure

Hormone Therapy and Oral Contraceptive Education

Nursing Management of Hormone Therapy and Oral Contraceptives

Nursing considerations for hormone therapy, estrogen use, and combination oral contraceptives.

  • Hormone therapy adverse drug reactions
  • Venous thromboembolism risk
  • Stroke and myocardial infarction prevention
  • Combination oral contraceptive administration
  • Oral contraceptive missed dose instructions
  • Medication teaching
  • Drug interactions with herbal products

Identifying Clinical Findings and Diagnostic Tests

Clinical Assessment of Pediatric Growth and Development

A nurse evaluates a 14-year-old male patient with short stature, muscularity, and advanced physical development to determine expected provider diagnostic tests.

  • short stature
  • standard growth chart
  • physical development
  • diagnostic testing

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