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Information Processing and Motor Control Study Guide

This guide explains the critical role of ATP in cellular energy and details the three primary metabolic pathways responsible for its production: the ATP-PC system for rapid bursts, glycolysis for anaerobic energy, and aerobic metabolism (including the Citric Acid Cycle and Electron Transport Chain) for sustained energy. It covers the enzymes, regulation, and energy yields associated with each pathway, providing a comprehensive overview of cellular bioenergetics.

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Perceptual Development and Perceptual-Motor Models

Perceptual Development and Motor Behavior

Processes used to gather and interpret sensory information from the external and internal environment enable the human perceptual system to organize stimulation for motor behavior.

  • Sensation
  • Perception
  • Perceptual-Motor Model
  • Visual Perception
  • Visual Acuity
  • Object Permanence
  • Perceptual Constancy
  • Spatial Orientation
  • Figure-ground Perception
  • Depth Perception
  • Field of Vision
  • Visual-motor Coordination
  • Kinesthetic Perception
  • Kinesthetic Acuity
  • Kinesthetic Memory
  • Body Awareness
  • Spatial Awareness
  • Egocentric Localization
  • Allocentric Localization
  • Directional Awareness

Information Processing and Motor Control

Information Processing and Motor Control

An approach to understand human development and behaviour through information-processing models, attention, memory, and processing speed.

  • Information-processing model
  • Attention
  • Alertness
  • Divided attention
  • Selective attention
  • Memory
  • Short-term memory
  • Long-term memory
  • Recognition memory
  • Recall memory
  • Explicit memory
  • Implicit memory
  • Processing speed
  • Reaction time
  • Movement time
  • Fitt’s Law
  • Hick’s Law
  • Speed accuracy tradeoff

Bioenergetics Metabolism and ATP Production

Bioenergetics and Metabolism Fundamentals

The chemical processes capable of converting foodstuff into ATP through metabolic pathways and cellular chemical reactions.

  • Metabolism
  • Bioenergetics
  • Cell structure
  • Cell membrane
  • Nucleus
  • Mitochondria
  • Cytoplasm
  • Endergonic reactions
  • Exergonic reactions
  • Coupled reactions
  • Oxidation-reduction reactions
  • Enzymes
  • Activation energy
  • Carbohydrates
  • Fats
  • Proteins
  • Anaerobic ATP production
  • Phosphocreatine (PC) breakdown
  • Glycolysis

Mechanisms of Cellular ATP Production

Metabolic pathways including glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and the electron transport chain facilitate aerobic and anaerobic ATP production through oxidative phosphorylation and substrate-level phosphorylation.

  • Glycolysis energy investment and generation phases
  • Lactate formation and NAD+ regeneration
  • Citric acid cycle and acetyl-CoA oxidation
  • Electron transport chain and proton pumps
  • Oxidative phosphorylation
  • Rate-limiting enzymes
  • Allosteric enzyme regulation
  • Phosphofructokinase regulation
  • Isocitrate dehydrogenase activity
  • Cytochrome C oxidase function
  • ATP-PC system and creatine kinase
  • Electrochemical gradient and ATP synthase

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