Western Civilization Questions
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New political function of the poem, linked to Romanticism: the poem has the task of ..., a utopia.
In the work of the second generation Romantics, George Gordon Lord Byron, Percy Shelley, and John Keats, we see Romantic ideals associated with... political viewpoints
Two classical models of odes (i.e. from ancient Greek and Latin): the Greek poet...(5th c. B.C) made odes for the ...; the ... made odes of private meditation and reflection.
Pindar’s odes had a three-part structure,..., according to the different dance movements executed by the chorus; Horace’s odes were written in regular stanzas. Pindar was the model for odes written in ... stanzas, called “Pindaric odes”, like Wordsworth’s “Ode: Intimations of Immortality” (1807); Keats’s odes (“Ode to a Nightingale”), in regular stanzas, can be called “...”.
Why the predominance of lyric? Mid-18th c. onward: emphasis on ...: emotion, not reason, defines human nature. reaction against the "Age of Reason", the era of modern scientific and technological achievements which begins in the 17th c.
Shelley was the only Romantic poet who liked Byron's poetry. Like Byron an exile from Britainson of a Whig member of Parliament, he grew up in Sussex. attended Eton College and then Oxford University. Expelled from ...for writing a pamphlet entitled “The Necessity of Atheism”.made contact with the political theorist ....and met his daughter Mary (also the daughter of Mary Wollstonecraft -feminist writer). 1814 ran away to Switzerland with ...Returned to Switzerland in 1816; met and spent time with ... who influenced Shelley’s poetry. Mary Shelley wrote ...The Shelleys settled in Italy in 1818. After the death of Keats in Rome the following year, composed: “Adonais, an Elegy on the Death of John Keats”. 1822 died in a storm at sea near Lerici in Italy
Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage and ...created a new figure, the Byronic hero- define ...“The wandering outlaw of his own dark mind” writes B. in Childe Harold.
W. and C.'s emphasis on nature seen as a turning away from the political and social developments of the modern world: 1) the "failure" of the ...; 2) the ... and the social and environmental changes it brought about.
The second generation of Romantic poets rebelled against ...
In Byron's work we find romantic irony: As opposed to classical works, modern literature expresses the idea that ...influence of Christianity)
The distinction between poets and prose writers is a vulgar error."
Wordsworth and Coleridge were republicans in the .... After 1800, they became much more conservative.
Byron's politics and political irony seen in his address to the..., Don Juan Canto Wellington: British general who defeated ... (Don Juan, canto 9).
Major works of Shelley: ode an address to the wind asking for poetic inspiration, a lyrical drama, essay of literary criticism
"Be through my lips to unawakened Earth/ /The trumpet of a prophecy!"
In Don Juan, we find different registers, effects of ...a highly individual way of speaking
Shelley wrote a sonet "..." on the Peterloo Massacre, killing of people demonstrating for political reform
By the ..., Wordsworth's poetry was popular.made Poet Laureate in 1843.
Byron was disciple of Alexander Pope(satirical poet), wrote ...created a new "Romantic" figure: the "Byronic hero", the ...against society.
Prometheus Unbound (1820), a "lyrical drama in four acts" recounting the liberation of Prometheus from the tyranny of Jupiter: a ...and reflection on the sources of human injustice; ends with a vision of a harmonious society