Psychoanalysis Questions
Explore questions in the Psychoanalysis category that you can ask Spark.E!
- morality principle- determines which behaviour are permissible and causes feelings of guilt when rules are broken- formed at the end of the phallic stage through the process of oepidus conflict
- oral- ages 0 to 1- focus of libido: mouth, tongue, lips- major development: weaning off of breast feeding- adult fixation example: smoking or overeating
- pleasure principle- requires immediate gratification- contains our drives of eros and thanatos- only part of our personality that is present at birth
- genital- ages: 12+- focus of libido: genitals- major development: reaching full sexual maturity - adult fixation example: if all stages were successfully completed then the person should be sexually matured and mentally healthy
P - One limitation of the psychodynamic approach is that much of it is untestable/'non falsifiable'E - The philosopher of science, Karl Popper, argued that the psychodynamic approach does not meet the scientific criterion of falsification. It is not open to empirical testing (and the possibility of being disproved). Many of Freud's concept (such as the Id and the Oedipus complex) are said to occur at an unconscious level, making them difficult, if not impossible, to test. furthermore, his ideas were based on the subjective study of single individuals, such as Little Hans, which makes it difficult to make universal claims about human behaviour.E - This suggests that Freud's theory was pseudoscientific (not a real science) rather than established fact.
- concerned with what's right and adhering to moral norms and laws- obeying to authority-punishes ego with feelings of guilt if it gives into demands of the ID-internalized parent/ social values
while attending college, Saeb impulsively and carelessly spends all his time and money on "wine, woman, and song." Feud would have suggested that Saeb shows signs of a(n)
- phallic- ages: 3 to 6- focus of libido: genitals- major development: resolving oepidus/electra complex- adult fixation example: sexual disfunction
- latency- ages: 6 to 12- focus of libido: none- major development: developing defence mechanisms- adult fixation example: none
Freud suggested that the superego develops through the process of
- involves the redirecting of thoughts or feelings in situations where the person feels unable to express them in the presence of the person they should be directed towards- instead they may 'take it out' on a helpless victim or object.
- the refusal to accept reality so as to avoid having to deal with any painful feelings that might be associated with that event- the person acts as if the traumatic event had not happened- e.g. an alcoholic will often deny they have a drinking problems even after being arrested several times for being drunk and disorderly
- anal- ages 1 to 3- focus of libido: anus- major development: toilet training- adult fixation example: orderliness, messiness
-not all mental acivity is consciously accessible- unconscious mental activity is the key determinate of human behviour - we possess inate drives
what does freud use as a metaphor for the mind
according to Freud, understanding how the ID, ego, and superego interact is essential to grasping the nature of
P - One limitation of the psychodynamic approach is that Freud's theory is based on data from case studies, and he didn't even always meet the caseE - When carrying out his research, Freud didn't always meet his clients and the majority of the cases were females with neuroses.E - This suggests that it is difficult to generalise the findings to the wider population.
-balances conflicting demands of ID and super ego in a realistic way - protected using defence mechanisms (denial, repression and displacement)
P - One strength of the psychodynamic approach is that it introduced the idea of psychotherapy (as opposed to physical treatment)E - Freud brought the world a new form of therapy - psychoanalysis. This was the first attempt to treat mental disorders psychologically rather than physically. The new therapy employed a range of techniques designed to access the unconscious, such as dream analysis. Psychoanalysis claims to help clients by bring their repressed emotions into their conscious mind so they can be dealt with. Psychoanalysis is the forerunner to many modern-day 'talking therapies', such as counselling, that have been established.E - This shows the value of the psychodynamic approach in creating a new approach to treatment.
Freud believed that ________ are the "royal road to the unconscious."