Japan in 1850-the Tokuwaga shogunate ruled Japan for more than 200 years-created a stable society with a rigid class structure -built an agriculture-based economy-pursued isolation-fell behind europe and the west in technologycommander Matthew perry-was sent to Japan to establish diplomatic relations -carried a letter from US president Millard Fillmore the treaty of Kanazawa -the provisions of the treaty:-required Japan to help shipwrecked Americans -opened 2 ports for the US to use for trade-allowed the US to set up an embassy-encouraged further trade between Japan and the USThe Meiji restoration-new leaders wanted to modernize japan's government and society -these leaders:-appointed the emperor as head of the government-abolished feudalism and the samurai-created a constitutional monarchychanges in the Meiji era-emphasis on nationalism-encouraged growth of nationalism to win loyalty to the state-adopted a system of universal education -rapid industrialization -invested in factory construction-depended on imports from the west-military expansion-modernized the armed forces-wanted to limit western influence the modernization of japan's military-Japan rapidly adopted western military technologies and training methods-industries were built to make modern technology including weapons-Japan became the most powerful nation in Asia the Sino-japanese war-in the late 1800s china and Japan competed for influence in korea-the competition led to war-Japan defeated china easily winning territory in the regionchina- remained faithful to traditional values-avoided modernization-forced to grant concessions for foreigners both- had strong cultural traditions -forced to sign unequal treaties Japan- dedicated to modernization -borrowed and adapted western ideas-industrialized to strengthen its economy-became an empire russia and japan-many in the west were surprised at japan's easy victory in the Sino-japanese war-japan's success worried many especially russia-russia was determined to resume its control in the region and refused to negotiate with Japan the russo-japanese war-in 1904 Japan launched a surprise attack on the Russian city of port Arthur -Japan quickly gained the advantage over russia and then:-drove russian troops out of korea-destroyed the Russian baltic fleetthe treaty of Portsmouth -russia was forced to withdraw from Manchuria and korea increasing Japan's influence there-Japan kept some territories it gained in the war but was forced to give up others-both nations agreed to return Manchuria to chinaexpansion of the Japanese empire-after defeating russia Japan seized the Korean Peninsula -Japan made korea a protectorate in 1905-Japan forced korea to accept annexation in 1910Japanese imperial rule-after annexation the Japanese placed restrictions on Korean rights by-closing Korean newspapers and limiting free speech-assuming control of the education system-encouraging Japanese businessmen and farmers to relocate to korea 1853- commodore Perry arrived in japan1868- the meiji restoration1894-1895- the Sino Japanese war1905- end of the Russo

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