Clinical Psychology Questions

What was the widely held belief about attitudes pre 1960's?

Axis 1: _________ psychological disorders

therapy that works for severe forms of major depression the brain

16. A theoretical orientation is best described as:a. a rigid framework that provides specific steps of how to conduct a counseling session.b. a set of general guidelines that counselors can use to make sense of what they are hearing and what needs tochange.c. a conceptualization of the intrapsychic structures that dictate a client's behavior.d. a set of techniques that can be used to promote behavioral changes.

28. ____________ is the process of distinguishing one form of mental disorders from another by determining which oftwo (or more) disorders with similar symptoms the person is suffering from.a. Differential diagnosisb. Psychological diagnosisc. Assessmentd. Psychometric testing

30. Developing an approach to counseling is an ongoing and fluid process. Counselors in training tend to be drawn to aparticular theory initially but modify it as they gain experience. Ultimately, your counseling orientation and style must:a. include some aspects of psychoanalytic theory.b. be appropriate for the unique needs of your clients and for the type of counseling you do.c. be a combination of all theories in the counseling field.d. be appropriate for some clients; other clients will change to fit your counseling orientation and style.

34. It is important to understand the common ___________ used in your profession, even if you choose not to use themin your practice.a. diagnosesb. assessment toolsc. confidentialityd. informed consent

29. ____________ were developed for a wide range of psychological disorders. Their success ushered in themovement toward empirically supported treatments and evidence-based practice.a. Family systems therapiesb. Cognitive therapiesc. Treatment manualsd. Behavioral therapies

32. Practitioners who favor the use of diagnostic procedures argue that such procedures enable the therapists to:a. attach a label to the client, which stigmatizes them.b. identify a diagnosis that will follow the client for the rest of their life, possibly keeping them from beingaccepted by any future insurance company.c. identify a particular emotional or behavioral disorder, which helps in designing an appropriate treatment plan.d. pick and choose which symptoms truly fit the client's problems in order to create a diagnosis that will bereimbursed by insurance and remain on the client's record for possible future problems.

33. A _____________ assigned to clients can have implications for their employment or future employability status.a. diagnosisb. empirically supported treatmentc. assessmentd. treatment manual

26. Katie has just accepted her first position as a counselor in a community agency. An agency policy requires her toconduct an intake interview with each client, determine a diagnosis, and establish a treatment plan — all in the firstsession. Once a diagnosis is established, clinicians have a maximum of five more sessions with a given client. Whatethical and legal standards are possibly broken?a. Ethical and legal standards requiring professionals to assess a client for at least five sessions beforediagnosingb. Ethical and legal standards requiring professionals to carefully assess and accurately diagnose clients beforecommencing any interventionc. Ethical and legal standards requiring professionals to forgo diagnosing a client in order to properly treat theproblemd. Ethical and legal standards requiring professionals to pick a diagnosis that fits a criteria in order for insurancereimbursement

35. Therapists have a legal, professional, and ethical obligation to assess whether clients may:a. become completely healthy mentally within six sessions of treatment, never needing therapy again.b. be covered by insurance only.c. complete a treatment plan, including their goals for therapy, before the initial assessment.d. pose a danger to themselves or others.

27. Some practitioners may over-diagnose, under-diagnose, or misdiagnose clients from marginalized groups. In order toavoid these issues, counselors need to:a. carefully consider all aspects of clients' culture without considering clients' past and present lifecircumstances.b. carefully consider the clients' past and present life circumstances only.c. carefully consider the clients' decisions in life with no regard of culture.d. carefully consider all aspects of clients' culture in conjunction with clients' past and present life circumstances.

25. ____________ believe that many symptoms stem from problems within the system rather than originating in theindividual.a. Cognitive behavioral therapistsb. Cognitive therapistsc. Family systems therapistsd. Psychoanalysts

11. ____________ is based on a medical model of mental illness that defines problems as residing with the individualrather than in society. It does not take into account the political, economic, social, and cultural factors in the lives ofclients.a. The DSMb. V-codesc. Confidentialityd. Informed consent

19. ____________ uses assessment to understand the client's pattern of thinking and to identify selfdefeatingbeliefs.a. Feminist therapyb. Cognitive-behavioral approachesc. Behavior therapyd. Systemic therapies

22. The acronym DSM-5 stands for:a. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: 5th Editionb. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Diseases: 5th Editionc. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Muscle Disorders: 5th Editiond. Deviant Syndromes Manual: Treatment and Remediation: 5th Edition

31. The movement toward grounding psychotherapy practice on a scientific foundation led to the concept of:a. differential diagnosis.b. psychometric testing.c. psychological diagnosis.d. empirically supported treatments.

18. Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding evidence-based practice?a. It is synonymous with the term "empirically-supported treatments."b. Psychodynamic therapy falls under the category of evidence-based practice.c. Therapeutic interventions that are not considered "evidence-based practices" are unethical.d. Clinical practice should not be based on the best available research.

24. The clinical interview serves all of the following purposes EXCEPT:a. providing information on a client's presenting problems.b. giving glimpses of historical factors that may be contributing to the client's condition.c. providing a framework for making a differential diagnosis to determine whether an individual suffers from aparticular mental disorder.d. providing the actual outcome of treatment.