How Does Protein Synthesis Work? (Animated)

The processed messenger RNA begins its journey from the nucleus to the cytoplasm.As the mRNA moves through nuclear pores into the cytoplasm, it will encounter ribosomes, the cell's protein factories.Ribosomes consist of two subunits that work together to read the genetic instructions.The ribosome subunits attach to the messenger RNA at a specific sequence called the start codon.Meanwhile, transfer RNA molecules, or tRNA, gather in the cytoplasm. Each tRNA carries a specific amino acid that will be used to build the protein.These tRNA molecules will work with the ribosome to deliver amino acids in the correct order based on the mRNA instructions.This assembly of mRNA, ribosome subunits, and tRNA molecules forms the translation complex, which will begin producing proteins.With the translation complex assembled, the cell is ready to begin producing proteins.The ribosome consists of two subunits that work together to read the mRNA instructions.The mRNA strand contains the genetic code in three-letter sequences called codons.The ribosome begins at the start codon, AUG, which signals the beginning of protein synthesis.The ribosome moves along the mRNA to the next codon.When the ribosome reaches the stop codon, UAA, the completed protein chain is released.The protein chain then folds into its final three-dimensional shape.This completes the process of protein synthesis, which repeats as needed to produce more proteins.Thanks for learning about protein synthesis with Spark.E!