Understanding Innate Immunity Study Guide
This guide explores the fundamental components of the innate immune system, including physical barriers, cellular defenses, and key antimicrobial substances such as the complement system, interferons, and iron-binding proteins. Learn how these mechanisms work together to protect the body from pathogens.
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The Concept of Immunity and Innate Defenses
Innate Immunity and Host Defenses
Innate immunity provides rapid defenses against any pathogen and is present at birth.
- Innate immunity
- Adaptive immunity
- Susceptibility
- White blood cell counts
- Neutrophils
- Lymphocytes
- Monocytes
- Eosinophils
- Basophils
- Toll-like receptors
- Pathogen-associated molecular patterns
- Cytokines
- Lipopolysaccharide
- Peptidoglycan
- Lipotechoic acid
- Mannan
- CpG islands
Innate Immunity and Host Defenses
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First Line of Defense: Skin and Mucous Membranes
Innate Immunity First Line of Defense
Physical and chemical factors including skin, mucous membranes, and normal microbiota provide innate immunity against microbial colonization.
- Skin
- Dermis
- Epidermis
- Keratin
- Mucous membranes
- Mucus
- Mucociliary escalator
- Chemical barriers
- Sebum
- Lysozyme
- Gastric juice
- Normal microbiota
- Microbial antagonism
- Commensalism
- Probiotics
Innate Immunity: The Body's First Line of Defense
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Second Line of Defense Mechanisms
Innate Immunity and Second Line Defense
The second line of defense involves leukocytes, the lymphatic system, phagocytosis, inflammation, and fever to destroy pathogens.
- Hematopoiesis
- Formed elements in blood
- Leukocytes
- Lymphatic system
- Phagocytosis
- Chemotaxis
- Opsonization
- Microbial evasion of phagocytosis
- Inflammation
- Vasoactive mediators
- Diapedesis
- Fever
Innate Immunity: The Body's Second Line of Defense
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Antimicrobial Substances and Innate Immunity
The complement system, interferons, and iron-binding proteins function as antimicrobial substances within innate immunity to destroy microbes and inhibit viral replication.
- Complement system
- Classical pathway
- Alternative pathway
- Cytolysis
- Opsonization
- Inflammation
- Membrane attack complex
- Interferons
- Antiviral proteins
- Iron-binding proteins
- Transferrin
- Lactoferrin
- Hemoglobin
- Siderophores
Antimicrobial Substances and Innate Immunity
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