Periodontal Instrumentation Techniques Study Guide

How to Read the UNC Probe

A demonstration on how to read the UNC probe when inserted into the gingiva.

• UNC probe
• pocket depth

Releaf Cleaning and Sanitization Procedures

Reusable and autoclavable pieces are cleaned with a soft brush or wire bristle brush and placed in an autoclavable sterilization pouch for autoclave sterilization.

• cleaning and sanitization
• autoclavable pieces
• tubing cleaning
• autoclave sterilization
• sterilization pouch

Powered Instrument Design and Function

Introduction to powered instrumentation including sonic-powered and ultrasonic-powered devices used to dislodge calculus and disrupt plaque biofilm.

• Powered instrumentation
• Sonic-powered devices
• Ultrasonic-powered devices
• Piezoelectric device
• Magnetostrictive devices
• Plaque biofilm
• Calculus removal
• Working-end design

Effectiveness and Mechanisms of Ultrasonic Instrumentation

Ultrasonic instrumentation uses mechanical removal, water irrigation, and cavitation to remove calculus deposits and control subgingival plaque biofilms.

• Ultrasonic instrumentation effectiveness
• Mechanical removal
• Water irrigation
• Cavitation
• Slim working-ends
• Lavage
• Aerosol production
• Waterline microbial growth
• Contraindications for powered instrumentation
• Amplitude
• Patient comfort

Cleaning Efficiency of Powered Instrumentation

Cleaning efficiency of powered instrument is determined by frequency and amplitude, pattern of working-end movement, and water or irrigant flow.

• Cleaning efficiency
• Frequency and amplitude
• Magneto working-end elliptical motion
• Piezo tips linear direction
• Water or irrigant flow
• Heat damage to dental pulp
• Internal or external water flow
• Medicinal irrigant
• Antimicrobial Chlorhexidine
• Disruption of biofilm

• Understanding Powered Instrumentation in Periodontal Therapy

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Powered Instrumentation with Magneto and Piezo Tips

• Powered instrumentation techniques
• Universal unpaired magneto and piezo tip
• Neutral seated or standing position
• Modified pen grasp
• Adaptation of tip lateral surface
• Terminal third adaptation
• Wrist pivoting

Powered Instrumentation Preparation and Challenges

Procedures for removing tenacious calculus deposits, patient and clinician preparation, personal protective equipment, fluid containment, and handpiece cord management.

• Removing tenacious calculus deposits
• Standard tip and slim periodontal tip selection
• Informed consent
• Procedural antimicrobial mouthwash
• Personal Protective Equipment
• BFE masks
• High-volume evacuators
• Cupping technique
• Fluid containment
• Handpiece cord management

Power-Driven Scalers Definitions and Terminology

Definitions for periodontal debridement, ultrasonic scaling devices, and mechanical power-driven instrumentation.

• Periodontal debridement
• Magnetostrictive
• Piezoelectric
• Frequency
• Stroke
• Stroke pattern
• Cavitation
• Acoustic turbulence
• Lavage
• Iatrogenic damage

Comparison of Power Scaling Transducers

A comparison of magnetostrictive, piezoelectric, and sonic transducers regarding optimal frequency, transducer type, stroke pattern, and power dispersion on tip.

• Magnetostrictive transducers
• Piezoelectric transducers
• Sonic transducers
• Optimal frequency
• Stroke pattern
• Power dispersion

Reading the UNC Probe

A guide on how to read the UNC probe by observing black lines and silver coverage.

• UNC probe reading
• black line measurement
• silver coverage
• pocket depth

Lateral Pressure and Instrumentation Techniques

Effective calculus removal depends on firm lateral pressure, correct angulation, and correct adaptation of tip-third of cutting edge to avoid burnished calculus or tissue injury.

• Lateral pressure assessment
• Calculus removal
• Root debridement
• Burnished calculus
• Plaque biofilm
• Angulation errors
• Tissue injury
• Instrumentation injury prevention
• Muscle strain

• Lateral Pressure and Instrumentation Techniques in Periodontal Therapy

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  Flashcards

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• Import & open

  Quiz

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• Import & open

  Practice test

  Import to get started

• Import & open

  Listen

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• Import & open

  Tutor Me

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• Import & open

  Watch

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• Import & open

  Chat

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  Arcade

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Subgingival Calculus Removal Technique Essentials

Subgingival deposits are located apical to the gingival margin and contribute to periodontal disease.

• Subgingival deposits
• Gingival margin
• Cementoenamel junction
• Root furcation areas
• Calculus surface irregularity
• Disease-causing bacteria
• Periodontal disease

Rationale and Outcomes of Subgingival Instrumentation

Subgingival instrumentation aims to remove biofilm and calculus deposits to induce positive changes in bacterial flora and create an environment for tissue healing.

• Subgingival instrumentation
• Biofilm and calculus removal
• Bacterial flora
• Tissue healing
• Nonresponsive disease sites
• Resolution of inflammation
• Readaptation of tissues to root surface
• Residual periodontal pocket

Detection of Calculus and Dental Caries

This content discusses supragingival and subgingival calculus deposits, common calculus formations, and methods for detecting carious lesions and restorations using an explorer.

• Supragingival deposits
• Subgingival deposits
• Calculus formations (spicules, ledge, ring, veneer)
• Overhanging restoration
• Deficient margin on restoration
• Carious lesion
• Cavitated versus noncavitated lesions
• Caries detection aids
• Remineralization

Universal Curet Design and Use

This topic covers universal curet design characteristics, selection based on tooth anatomy and working-end length, and periodontal instrumentation techniques including cutting edge identification and establishing correct face-to-tooth surface angulation.

• Universal curet
• Calculus removal
• Supragingival calculus
• Subgingival calculus
• Rounded toe
• Rounded back
• Semicircular cross section
• Cutting edges
• Shank length
• Working-end length
• Deep pockets
• Shallow pockets
• Finger rest
• Get Ready Zone
• Distal surface
• Lower shank
• Instrument angulation
• Inner cutting edges
• Outer cutting edges
• Face-to-tooth surface angulation

Lateral Pressure and Ultrasonic Instrument Strokes

Techniques for calculus removal and subgingival deplaquing using hand instruments and ultrasonic power tips.

• Lateral pressure
• Calculus removal
• Hand instrument blade positioning
• Ultrasonic instrument stroke
• Subgingival biofilm removal
• Subgingival deplaquing
• Working-end usage
• Power tip motion
• Cementum removal prevention

Measuring UNC Probe Pocket Depth

Taking measurements from the top into the gingival sulcus using a UNC probe to identify a 3mm pocket.

• UNC probe
• gingival sulcus
• measurement
• 3mm pocket

Supragingival Calculus Removal Technique Essentials

Techniques for supragingival calculus removal involving instrument angulation, pinch pressure, stabilization, and lateral pressure.

• Supragingival calculus deposits
• Sickle scalers
• Curets
• Periodontal files
• Powered ultrasonics
• Instrument face to tooth surface relationship
• Angulation for calculus removal
• Pinch pressure
• Modified pen grasp
• Stabilization
• Fulcrum finger
• Lateral pressure

Functions and Designs of Dental Explorers

An assessment instrument with a flexible wire-like working-end used for detecting subgingival calculus deposits and anatomic features of the teeth.

• Assessment instrument
• Subgingival calculus detection
• Supragingival use
• Subgingival use
• Explorer tip design
• Lower shank
• Pigtail and Cowhorn explorers
• 11/12-Type explorer design
• Assessment stroke
• Tactile sensitivity

Sickle Scaler Design and Use

• Triangular cross section
• Two cutting edges
• Anterior and posterior sickle designs
• Supragingival calculus removal
• Modified pen grasp
• Instrumentation strokes

Powered Working-End Design and Selection

Characteristics, uses, and selection factors for standard, slim periodontal, and specialized powered working-ends in dental instrumentation.

• Standard working-end characteristics
• Slim periodontal working-end characteristics
• Specialized working-end for titanium surfaces
• Factors for selecting working-ends
• Slim-diameter tip types
• Powered inserts for dental implants
• Sequence for use of powered working-ends
• Tip cross section effectiveness
• Instrument working-end wear and replacement

Traditional Pairing of Curets

Clinicians select different combinations of curets to instrument posterior teeth and facial aspects of the posterior sextant.

• Curets
• Posterior teeth instrumentation
• Gracey 11/12
• Gracey 13/14
• Gracey 15/16
• Gracey 17/18
• Mandibular posterior surfaces
• Distal surfaces
• Sextant scaling sequence

Powered Working-End Adaptation and Orientation

Guidelines for correct adaptation and vertical orientation of powered working-ends against tooth surfaces for calculus removal and deplaquing.

• Adaptation points
• Power tip adaptation
• Vertical working-end orientation
• Lateral surface positioning
• Calculus removal
• Deplaquing
• Posterior vertical tip orientation
• Anterior vertical tip orientation
• Straight slim periodontal working-end