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Nerve Physiology and Action Potentials Study Guide

This guide explains the core concepts of nerve physiology, detailing the resting membrane potential, the generation and propagation of action potentials, and the process of synaptic transmission involving neurotransmitters. It covers key mechanisms like ion channels, pumps, and the roles of depolarization, repolarization, and hyperpolarization in neuronal communication. The guide also touches upon different types of propagation and synaptic transmission, providing a foundational understanding of

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Nerve Physiology, Membrane Transport, and Cell Regulation

Nerve Physiology and Neuron Function

The nervous system senses changes, sends impulses to and from the central nervous system, and utilizes neurons and glial cells to facilitate neural communication.

  • Nervous system functions
  • Neuron
  • Glial cells
  • Neuroglia
  • Satellite cells
  • Neurolemmocytes
  • Schwann cells
  • Astrocytes
  • Ependymal cells
  • Microglia
  • Oligodendrocytes
  • Demyelination
  • Multiple sclerosis
  • Ion leak channels
  • Sodium Potassium Pump
  • Chemically gated ion channels
  • Ligand-gated ion channels
  • Mechanically gated ion channels
  • Temperature-gated ion channel
  • Voltage gated ion channel

Nerve Physiology and Action Potentials

This content covers resting membrane potential, graded potentials, action potentials, and synaptic transmission involving neurotransmitters.

  • Resting membrane potential
  • Sodium–potassium exchange pump
  • Graded potentials
  • Threshold potential
  • Action potential
  • Depolarization
  • Repolarization
  • Hyperpolarization
  • Absolute refractory period
  • Relative refractory period
  • Continuous propagation
  • Saltatory propagation
  • Electrical synapses
  • Chemical synapse
  • Neurotransmitters
  • Exocytosis
  • Acetylcholine

Tonicity and Membrane Transport Mechanisms

This material covers tonicity, facilitated diffusion, and active transport using membrane proteins, endocytosis, exocytosis, and the sodium-potassium pump.

  • Hypertonic
  • Hypotonic
  • Facilitated Diffusion
  • Active Transport
  • Sodium-Potassium Pump
  • Endocytosis
  • Exocytosis
  • Bulk Transport
  • Secretory Vesicles

Blood Composition and Cellular Processes

Composition and Functions of Blood

Blood is a fluid connective tissue consisting of formed elements suspended in plasma that provides gas and nutrient exchange throughout the body.

  • Blood functions
  • Plasma composition
  • Plasma proteins
  • Albumin
  • Globulins
  • Fibrinogen
  • Erythrocytes
  • Hemoglobin
  • Oxyhemoglobin
  • Deoxyhemoglobin
  • Carbaminohemoglobin
  • Anemia
  • Sickle-cell anemia
  • Erythropoiesis

Characteristics and Functions of Leukocytes

Leukocytes function in defense and immunity through processes like diapedesis, phagocytosis, and positive chemotaxis.

  • Leukocytes
  • Granular leukocytes
  • Eosinophils
  • Basophils
  • Neutrophils
  • Agranular leukocytes
  • Lymphocytes
  • Monocytes
  • Leukopoiesis
  • Platelets
  • Phagocytosis
  • Chemotaxis
  • Diapedesis
  • T-cells
  • B-cells
  • Natural killer cells

Human Anatomy and Physiology Exam 2 Guide

This study guide covers cell replication, membrane transport, nerve physiology, blood components, and the endocrine system.

  • Resting Membrane Potential
  • Action Potential
  • Depolarization
  • Repolarization
  • Hyperpolarization
  • Saltatory Conduction
  • Sodium-Potassium Pump
  • Isotonic, Hypertonic, and Hypotonic Solutions

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