Arthrology of the Elbow and Forearm Study Guide
This guide provides a comprehensive overview of the arthrology of the elbow and forearm. It covers the structure and function of the elbow joint, including its articulations, joint capsule, and ligaments (medial and lateral collateral ligaments). It also details the radioulnar joints (proximal and distal), the interosseous membrane, and the mechanics of supination and pronation. Understanding these anatomical features is crucial for comprehending the complex movements and stability of the forear
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Introduction to Shoulder Complex and Arm
Introduction to Shoulder Complex and Arm
Describe the relevant anatomy of the shoulder complex including osteologic, ligamentous, articular, neurological, vascular and muscular anatomy, biomechanical function, kinetics and kinematics.
- shoulder complex
- biomechanical function
- kinetics and kinematics
- scapulohumeral rhythm
- scapulothoracic joint upward rotation
- muscular force couples
- glenohumeral joint active controllers
Biomechanics and Function of the Shoulder Complex
Biomechanics and Function of the Shoulder Complex
This material covers scapulohumeral rhythm, scaption, and the role of rotator cuff force couples in facilitating glenohumeral abduction and inferior glide.
- scapulohumeral rhythm
- scapulothoracic joint movements
- glenohumeral joint movements
- scaption
- impingement
- inferior glide
- rotator cuff muscles
- force couple
- supraspinatus
- subscapularis
- infraspinatus
- teres minor
- Glenohumeral joint kinematics
- Rotator cuff function
- Impingement syndrome avoidance
- Scapular motion
- Humeral head inferior glide
- Deltoid contraction
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Arthrology of the Elbow and Forearm
Arthrology of the Elbow and Forearm
This content identifies and discusses the joint capsule, ligaments, and membranes that stabilize and passively restrain movements and forces acting upon the elbow and distal radio-ulnar joint.
- Joint Capsule of the Elbow
- Ligaments of the Elbow
- Medial collateral ligament
- Lateral (ulnar) collateral ligament
- Annular ligament
- Interosseous membrane
- Distal Radio-Ulnar Joint
- Triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC)
- Supination and Pronation restriction
- modified hinge joint
- joint capsule
- fibrous layer
- synovial membrane
- lateral collateral ligament
- valgus forces
- varus forces
- distal radioulnar joint
- triangular fibrocartilage
- capsular ligaments
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Practice test
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Biomechanics of the Elbow and Forearm
Biomechanics of the Elbow and Forearm
This presentation discusses the biomechanics of the elbow and forearm, including joint stability, arthrokinematics, and the movements of pronation and supination facilitated by the interosseous membrane, radioulnar joints, and triangular fibrocartilage complex.
- joint stability
- congruence of surfaces
- varus and valgus movements
- arthrokinematics
- concave on convex rule
- humeroulnar joint
- humeroradial joint
- interosseous membrane
- distractive forces
- pronation and supination
- proximal radioulnar joint
- distal radioulnar joint
- triangular fibrocartilage complex
- open versus closed chain kinematics
- proximal glide of the radius
- oblique cord
- brachioradialis
- annular ligament
- oblique axis
Biomechanics of the Elbow Joint
This content discusses functional range of motion, arthrokinematics of pronation and supination, and muscles that cross the elbow joint.
- functional range of motion
- supination limitations
- pronation limitations
- flexor carpi radialis
- extrinsic finger flexors
- triangular fibrocartilage complex
- biceps
- arthrokinematics of pronation
- proximal radioulnar joint
- distal radioulnar joint
- open versus closed chain kinematics
- torques about joints
Shoulder Muscle Anatomy, Biomechanics, and Motion
Shoulder Muscles, Osteokinematic Motions, and Biomechanics
This lecture covers the osteokinematic motions and biomechanics of the glenohumeral and scapulothoracic joints, including the functions of the rotator cuff muscles and shoulder force couples.
- scapulothoracic joint movement
- glenohumeral joint movement
- elevation and depression
- protraction and retraction
- upward and downward rotation
- force couples
- rotator cuff muscles
- inferior glide of the humeral head
- supraspinatus function
- infraspinatus function
- teres minor function
- subscapularis function
- arthrokinematics
- Scapulothoracic upward rotators
- Glenohumeral abductors
- Internal moment arms
- Inferior glide
- Humeral head compression
- Deltoid contraction
- Subscapularis
Scapulohumeral and Axio-appendicular Muscle Review
A review of scapulohumeral and axio-appendicular muscles including their proximal attachment, distal attachment, innervation, and muscle action.
- Scapulohumeral muscles
- Rotator cuff muscles
- Intrinsic shoulder muscles
- Extrinsic shoulder muscles
- Proximal attachment
- Distal attachment
- Spinal cord segmental innervation
- Muscle action
- Infraspinatus
- Teres minor
- Teres major
- Subscapularis
- Levator scapulae
- Trapezius
- Latissimus dorsi
- Pectoralis minor
- Subclavius
- Serratus anterior
Osteology and Anatomy of the Shoulder Complex
Osteology of the Shoulder
Anatomical diagrams illustrate the bones, joints, and musculoskeletal anatomy of the human shoulder complex and pectoral girdle.
- shoulder complex
- pectoral girdle
- scapula
- humerus
- clavicle
- glenohumeral joint
- musculoskeletal anatomy
- shoulder girdle biomechanics
- scapular plane
Shoulder Neurovascular Anatomy and Innervation
Shoulder Neurovascular Anatomy and Innervation
This content examines the brachial plexus terminal nerves, dermatomes, myotomes, and the arterial supply to the shoulder.
- terminal nerves
- lateral pectoral nerve
- thoracodorsal nerve
- long thoracic nerve
- musculocutaneous nerve
- median nerve
- ulnar nerve
- radial nerve
- dermatomes
- myotomes
- subclavian artery
- suprascapular artery
- thoracoacromial artery
- subscapular artery
- circumflex humeral arteries
Neurovasculature of the Arm, Elbow, and Forearm
Neurovasculature of the Elbow and Forearm
- musculo cutaneous nerve
- ulnar nerve
- median nerve
- radial nerve
- flexor compartment
- extensor compartment
- anterior interosseous nerve
- pronator quadratus muscle
- dermatomes
- myotomes
Neuroanatomy and Motor Control of the Wrist and Hand
Wrist and Hand Neurovascular Anatomy
This content examines the peripheral nerves, dermatomes, myotomes, and the arterial and venous blood supply of the wrist and hand.
- median nerve branches
- radial nerve branches
- cutaneous sensation
- dermatomes
- myotomes
- radial artery
- superficial palmar arterial arch
- deep palmar arch
- peripheral nerves
Wrist and Hand Neuroanatomy and Biomechanics
An examination of the flexor digitorum profundus, nerve innervation of the hand, and motor control mechanisms during a key grip.
- flexor digitorum profundus
- flexor pulleys
- median nerve
- ulnar nerve
- anterior interosseous nerve
- carpal tunnel
- recurrent branch
- thenar muscles
- flexor pollicis brevis
Kinesiology and CNS Connections of the Elbow, Forearm, Wrist, and Hand
Complete Anatomy Elbow Flexion Analysis
- brachioradialis
- arthrokinematics
- osteokinematic motion
- anterior glide of the radial head
Wrist and Hand Anatomy and Motion Analysis
Introduction to Wrist and Hand Anatomy
An overview of the osteologic, ligamentous, articular, neurological, vascular, and muscular anatomy of the wrist and hand complex including biomechanical function, kinetics, and kinematics.
- osteologic anatomy
- ligamentous anatomy
- articular anatomy
- neurological anatomy
- vascular anatomy
- muscular anatomy
- biomechanical function
- kinetics
- kinematics
- passive and active grasp
Complete Anatomy Wrist Extension Analysis
Using Complete Anatomy to identify muscles that contribute to wrist extension and observe arthrokinematics during osteokinematic motion.
- wrist extension
- extensor carpi radialis longus
- extensor carpi radialis brevis
- arthrokinematics
- osteokinematic motion
- carpals
Wrist and Hand Motion Analysis
Analyze the arthrokinematics, muscle activity, and innervation required to produce motions at the wrist and hand region.
- arthrokinematics
- wrist extension
- thumb flexion
- thumb extension
- thumb abduction
- thumb adduction
- opposition
- lateral pinch
- 1st CMC joint
- saddle shaped joint
Wrist and Hand Anatomy, Biomechanics, and Function
Wrist and Hand Function and Grips
The hand conforms to objects through carpometacarpal joint movement and requires synergy between extrinsic and intrinsic muscles to perform various grips.
- carpometacarpal joints
- extrinsic muscles
- intrinsic muscles
- intrinsic minus hand
- tenodesis action
- cylindrical grip
- spherical grips
- pad to pad grip
- key grip
- pad to side grip
Wrist and Hand Functional Movements
This material covers wrist and hand functional movements including tendon sheaths, pulley and extensor mechanisms, carpometacarpal joints, the palmar arch, tenodesis, and muscle activations for various grips.
- Carpometacarpal (CMC) joint
- Extrinsic finger flexors
- Intrinsic muscles
- functional movements of the wrist and hand
- osteokinematics
- arthrokinematics
- 1st CMC adduction
- saddle shaped joint
Wrist and Forearm Muscle Anatomy and Movements
This lecture covers the compartments of the forearm and the muscles that create major osteokinematic motions of the wrist, including flexion, extension, ulnar deviation, and radial deviation.
- anterior medial compartment
- flexor pronator group
- posterior lateral compartment
- extensor supinator group
- wrist flexion
- wrist extension
- ulnar deviation
- radial deviation
- forearm muscles
- elbow muscles
Wrist and Hand Osteology and Joints
This lecture covers the osteology, joints, and ligaments of the wrist and hand complex, including carpal bones, metacarpals, and phalanges.
- osteology of the wrist and hand
- radiocarpal joint
- midcarpal joint
- carpometacarpal joint
- metacarpal phalangeal joints
- proximal interphalangeal joint
- distal interphalangeal joint
- carpal bones
- metacarpal anatomy
- phalanges
Wrist and Hand Ligament Anatomy
An examination of the palmar radiocarpal, dorsal radiocarpal, ulnar collateral, and radial collateral ligaments, along with the palmar plates and collateral ligaments of the metacarpal and interphalangeal joints.
- palmar radiocarpal ligaments
- dorsal radiocarpal ligaments
- palmar ligaments (palmar plates)
- deep transverse metacarpal ligament
- intercarpal joints
- carpometacarpal joints
- interphalangeal joints (PIP and DIP)
- metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints
Wrist and Forearm Muscle Anatomy
This document details wrist flexion, extension, ulnar deviation, and radial deviation through various wrist flexor and extensor muscles.
- Wrist flexion
- Wrist extension
- Ulnar deviation
- Radial deviation
- Wrist osteokinematics
- Wrist flexor muscles
- Wrist extensor muscles
- Radial deviators of the wrist
- Flexor carpi radialis
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