Anatomy and Development of the Human Brain Study Guide
Anatomy and Development of the Human Brain
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Structure and Function of Nervous Tissue
Nervous System Structure and Function
This material covers the organization of nervous tissue, including neurons, glial cells, and the transmission of electrical signals across a synapse.
- Neurons
- Glial cells
- Myelination
- Synapse
- Nervous tissue
- Oligodendrocytes
- Schwann cells
- Connective tissue layers
Nervous System: Structure, Function, and Organization
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Nervous System Functions and Anatomy
The nervous system collects, processes, and evaluates information to initiate response through structures like neurons, glial cells, nuclei, ganglia, tracts, and nerves.
- Nervous System Functions
- Oligodendrocyte
- Astrocyte
- Ependymal cells
- Microglia
- Nucleus
- Ganglion
- Tract
- Central Nervous System
- Peripheral Nervous System
Embryonic Development and Brain Anatomy
Brain Anatomy and Cranial Nerves
Relate the stages of development of the embryonic nervous system to the adult structures of the central nervous system and identify the twelve cranial nerves.
- Embryonic nervous system development
- Primary and secondary brain vesicles
- Prosencephalon
- Mesencephalon
- Diencephalon
- Rhombencephalon
- Cerebrum
- Brainstem
- Cerebral cortex anatomical and functional regions
- Motor areas
- Sensory areas
- Association areas
- Primary motor cortex
- Broca’s area
- Frontal eye field
- Primary somatosensory cortex
- Primary auditory cortex
- Primary visual cortex
- Temporal lobe
Anatomy and Development of the Human Brain
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Spinal Cord, Spinal Nerves, and Autonomic Nervous System
Spinal Cord and Autonomic Nervous System
This content covers spinal cord anatomy, spinal nerve plexuses, and the physiological roles of the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system.
- Gray matter
- White matter
- Spinal reflex
- Pia mater
- Arachnoid mater
- Dura mater
- Subarachnoid cavity
- Subdural cavity
- Spinal nerve plexuses
- Cervical plexus
- Lumbar plexus
- Sacral plexus
- Somatic nervous system
- Autonomic nervous system
- Sympathetic division
- Parasympathetic division
- Preganglionic neuron
- Postganglionic neuron
Sensory Receptors and Special Senses
Human Sensory Division and Receptors
The sensory division involves sensory receptors detecting stimuli to produce sensation through anatomical structures involved in gustation, olfaction, hearing, equilibrium, and vision.
- Sensory receptors
- Proprioceptors
- Sensation
- Chemoreceptors
- Thermoreceptors
- Photoreceptors
- Mechanoreceptors
- Nociceptors
- Gustation
- Olfaction
- Hearing
- Equilibrium
- Vision
- Accessory structures of the eye
- Extraocular muscles
- Lens
- Optic nerve
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