To understand how the human body functions, one must first understand how it is built. The study of the body's structures is known as anatomy, a term derived from the Greek words ana (part) and tome (to cut). While anatomy focuses on the physical structures, physiology focuses on how those structures actually function.
These two disciplines are inseparable because structure determines function. To make sense of the immense complexity of a human being, scientists use a hierarchical scheme consisting of six distinct levels of organization. This hierarchy progresses from the simplest, most microscopic components to the most complex, integrated whole.
1. The Chemical Level
The foundation of all biological life begins at the chemical level. This is the most fundamental level of organization, where the building blocks of matter reside.
At this level, we identify two primary components:
- Atoms: These are the smallest units of matter that participate in chemical reactions.
- Molecules: These are formed when two or more atoms join together.
In the context of the human body, these chemicals include essential elements like carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, which combine to form complex molecules such as proteins, carbohydrates, and DNA.
Exam Tip: Remember that the chemical level is the only level that does not involve "living" components in the traditional sense, yet it is the essential prerequisite for all life processes.
Keep reading for free.
Create an account to finish this reading and make it part of your study routine.
Continue reading freeAlready have an account? Log in
Updated