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_Candide de Voltaire écrit en 1759, s'inscrit dans le parcours "écrire et combattre pour l'égalité" et dans l'objet d'étude de la littérature d'idées du XVIe au XVIIIe siècle. _Voltaire est un philosophe des Lumières, c'est-à-dire qui souhaite éclairer le peuple grâce à la raison et de le faire échapper à l'obscurantisme du Moyen-Age _Candide est un conte philosophique, donc un récit merveilleux qui doit instruire le lecteur, le conte philosophique s'attache le plus souvent à illustrer une notion en particulier. Pour Candide, il s'agit de l'optimisme. _Dans notre extrait du chapitre 19 qui s'intitule "le nègre de Surinam", Voltaire met à jour le caractère ignoble de l'esclavagisme.
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