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A disadvantage of the centralized organization is:A. it lengthens response times by those closest to the market conditions because they must seek approval for their actions.B. it does not encourage responsibility among lower-level managers and rank-and-file employees.C. it discourages lower-level managers and rank-and-file employees from exercising any initiative.D. it diverts authority away from those closest to, and most knowledgeable about, the situation for actions.E. All of these.

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