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STM's capacity is best estimated as seven (plus or minus two)
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- is how information is retained over time and how it is represented in memory.
- Students often remember more information from a course that spans an entire semester than from a course that is completed in an intensive three-week learning period. This best illustrates the importance ofa. distributed practiceb. long-term potentiationc. the serial position effectd. automatic processinge. implicit memory
- There are lots of models of memory, but they mostly agree that there are two main kinds of LTM and STM. One of the main findings to support this comes from a study where participants had to memorize a list of words and then either recall them immediately or first count backwards for 30 seconds and then recall them. The results showed that:a- There was no difference in performance between the two groupsb- Participants in the immediate recall group recalled words at the start of the list better than the rest of the list, and participants in the delayed/backwards-counting group recalled words at the end of the list better than the rest of the listc- Participants in the immediate recall group recalled words at the end of the list better than the rest of the list, and participants in the delayed/backwards-counting group recalled words at the start and end of the list better than the rest of the listd- Participants in the immediate recall group recalled words at the start and end of the list better than the rest of the list, and participants in the delayed/backwards-counting group recalled words at the start of the list better than the rest of the list.