How to Measure Shoulder Flexion and Extension

Welcome to shoulder range of motion testing. Let's begin by learning the proper setup and positioning.The patient can be positioned either standing or sitting, as long as they maintain proper posture.Proper posture is crucial for accurate measurements. The spine should be straight and aligned.Before testing, we need to identify and mark three key anatomical landmarks.First, locate the center of the glenohumeral joint, typically found at the lateral aspect of the shoulder.Next, identify the lateral midline of the thorax, which runs vertically along the side of the body.Finally, mark the lateral midline of the humerus, which runs down the outer arm.The goniometer must be properly calibrated before use. Let's review the calibration steps.Finally, ensure the patient is wearing appropriate clothing that allows clear visualization of the landmarks and full arm movement.For measuring shoulder flexion, we'll first identify the key anatomical landmarks.Place the goniometer's axis directly over the center of the glenohumeral joint. This is crucial for accurate measurement.During measurement, watch carefully for any compensation patterns that might affect the true range of motion.Remember these key measurement tips to ensure accurate assessment of shoulder flexion.Now that we've measured shoulder flexion, we're ready to move on to the next movement.For shoulder extension measurement, maintain the goniometer's axis directly over the glenohumeral joint.The stationary arm should remain parallel to the midline of the thorax throughout the measurement.Have the patient move their arm backward as far as possible while keeping the elbow straight.Track this movement with the goniometer's moving arm, keeping it aligned with the lateral midline of the humerus.Normal shoulder extension range is from zero to sixty degrees.During measurement, observe for any compensation patterns, note any pain, and compare measurements with the opposite shoulder.