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Protein synthesis begins in the cell nucleus, where genetic information is copied from DNA.Inside the nucleus, we find DNA, which contains our genetic instructions.The process starts when an enzyme called RNA polymerase begins to unwind the DNA double helix.RNA polymerase reads the DNA template strand and matches complementary RNA nucleotides.As RNA polymerase moves along the DNA, it creates a complementary strand of messenger RNA.This process, called transcription, creates an exact copy of the genetic instructions in the form of messenger RNA.Once transcription is complete, the messenger RNA will carry these instructions to the cytoplasm.After transcription is complete in the nucleus, mRNA begins its journey to the cytoplasm.The mRNA molecules exit the nucleus through specialized channels called nuclear pores.These nuclear pores are selective channels that allow only specific molecules like mRNA to pass through.In the cytoplasm, mRNA associates with ribosomes, which are the cellular factories responsible for protein synthesis.Transfer RNA molecules, or tRNA, carrying specific amino acids, gather near the ribosomes.Each tRNA molecule is loaded with its corresponding amino acid, preparing for the upcoming translation process.The mRNA molecule positions itself on the ribosome, aligning its genetic code for translation to begin.With mRNA in position and tRNA molecules ready with their amino acids, the cell is now prepared to begin protein synthesis.The ribosome reads the mRNA sequence in groups of three nucleotides called codons.Transfer RNA molecules bring amino acids to the ribosome. Each tRNA has an anticodon that matches the mRNA codon.As each new amino acid arrives, it forms a peptide bond with the growing protein chain.The ribosome continues moving along the mRNA, adding more amino acids to the growing protein chain.Peptide bonds form between amino acids, creating a growing protein chain.When the ribosome reaches a stop codon, protein synthesis is complete.The completed protein chain is then released from the ribosome.